What are the cheapest airlines to fly from Manila to Belgium one-way?

One-way options have recently been found by users for as low as ₱27,370 on Etihad Airways. Other airlines that offer cheap prices include Thai Airways from ₱29,101 and Emirates from ₱34,293 one-way. Find deals

What are the most popular airlines that fly from Manila to Belgium?

The most popular airlines flying from Manila to Belgium are Cathay Pacific, Emirates and Etihad Airways. Something to consider prior to booking your flight. Find deals

How far in advance should I book a flight from Manila to Belgium?

Users have found that booking a flight from Manila to Belgium at least 20 days early can save you up to 13% on average compared to booking a flight this week. If booking 20 days before your flight isn’t an option for you, users have found flights from Manila to Belgium for as little as ₱46,247 when booking for a departure date within the next two weeks. You can also check prices now. Some users have found airline tickets as low as ₱63,665 for flights departing within the next 3 days.

What is the cheapest month to fly from Manila to Belgium?

November is one of the best times of the year to fly to Belgium from Manila. Prices for November average ₱52,774 per person but you can even find prices for as low as ₱37,701. The most expensive prices can be found in the month of June. Opting for a November flight can save you 11% on your journey compared to booking in June

What airport do you fly from for flights from Manila to Belgium?

Manila Ninoy Aquino Intl (MNL), located 10.9 km from the city center, is the airport you fly out of when you book flights from Manila to Belgium.

Can I find deals for flights from Manila to Belgium that include hotel bookings?

Yes. In addition to deals on Manila to Belgium flights, Cheapflights offers vacation packages that include both flights and hotel.

How can I find direct flights from Manila to Belgium?

After entering your origin and destination, apply the non-stop filter on the search result page to find direct flights from Manila to Belgium.

Can I find deals for business class flights from Manila to Belgium?

Yes. Cheapflights offers flight deals from Manila to Belgium by cabin class. In addition to browsing deals, you can also filter by cabin class on the search results page after making a search.

₱62,027+ Flights from Manila to Belgium

Cheap flight deals from Manila to Belgium

Round-trip from	₱47,870
One-way from	₱19,364
Popular in	June
Cheapest in	November
Average price	₱59,067

Emirates
7/29-8/5
2 total stops
55h 55m total
Manila to Belgium

Search Deals

7/15
3 total stops
27h 50m total
Manila to Belgium

Search Deals

Highest demand for flights based on searches. 7% potential increase in price (₱236,944 potential increase over avg. RT price).

Search Deals

Cheapest flight prices on average. 1% potential price decrease (₱31,021 potential savings vs. average RT price).

Search Deals

Average for round-trip flights in June 2025

Search Deals

Find flight deals from Manila to Belgium

Cheapest flights from Manila to Belgium
Explore the most affordable flight options available from Manila to Belgium. Find the lowest fares from popular airlines and budget airlines, with prices last updated on June 15, 2025.

Tue 10/77:20 pmMNL - BRU

1 stop18h 10mEtihad Airways

Fri 11/710:00 amBRU - MNL

1 stop17h 20mEtihad Airways

Deal found 6/12₱47,275

Tue 7/296:15 pmMNL - BRU

1 stop31h 05mEmirates

Tue 8/53:20 pmBRU - MNL

1 stop24h 50mEmirates

Deal found 6/13₱47,870

Tue 10/76:30 pmMNL - BRU

2 stops30h 45mSWISS

Fri 11/78:10 pmBRU - MNL

2 stops19h 40mSWISS

Deal found 6/12₱49,871

Tue 10/79:10 pmMNL - BRU

2 stops40h 20mEthiopian Air

Thu 11/69:30 pmBRU - MNL

2 stops37h 45mEthiopian Air

Deal found 6/14₱50,845

Wed 6/181:45 amMNL - BRU

2 stops35h 05mMultiple Airlines

Mon 6/3012:00 pmBRU - MNL

2 stops26h 10mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 6/14₱51,494

Sun 9/148:20 pmMNL - BRU

1 stop17h 00mCathay Pacific

Wed 10/158:30 amBRU - MNL

2 stops20h 50mCathay Pacific

Deal found 6/14₱53,225

Sun 7/277:35 pmMNL - CRL

2 stops27h 00mMultiple Airlines

Sun 8/31:15 pmCRL - MNL

2 stops26h 35mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 6/14₱57,120

Sun 8/1010:30 amMNL - BRU

2 stops42h 05mFinnair

Wed 9/107:05 pmBRU - MNL

2 stops28h 55mFinnair

Deal found 6/12₱57,498

Sat 7/262:25 amMNL - BRU

2 stops35h 05mChina Eastern

Sun 8/33:05 pmBRU - MNL

2 stops28h 15mChina Eastern

Deal found 6/12₱58,039

Tue 10/76:50 pmMNL - BRU

1 stop25h 50mQatar Airways

Fri 11/72:50 pmBRU - MNL

2 stops24h 20mQatar Airways

Deal found 6/14₱58,742

Mon 7/288:55 pmMNL - BRU

2 stops23h 40mKLM

Mon 8/46:10 amBRU - MNL

2 stops30h 35mKLM

Deal found 6/13₱74,699

Wed 6/257:55 pmMNL - BRU

2 stops19h 10mAustrian Airlines

Fri 7/119:50 amBRU - MNL

2 stops43h 55mAustrian Airlines

Deal found 6/13₱201,433

Best flights from Manila to Belgium
Discover carefully curated flight deals from Manila to Belgium that have cost, travel time, and layovers in mind to ensure you get the best travel experience. Data last updated June 15, 2025.

Tue 7/296:15 pmMNL - BRU

1 stop31h 05mEmirates

Tue 8/53:20 pmBRU - MNL

1 stop24h 50mEmirates

Deal found 6/13₱47,870

Sun 9/146:30 pmMNL - BRU

2 stops21h 45mSWISS

Wed 10/153:00 pmBRU - MNL

2 stops26h 20mSWISS

Deal found 6/14₱50,196

Tue 10/79:10 pmMNL - BRU

2 stops40h 20mEthiopian Air

Thu 11/69:30 pmBRU - MNL

2 stops37h 45mEthiopian Air

Deal found 6/14₱50,845

Sun 8/105:30 amMNL - BRU

1 stop32h 00mEtihad Airways

Wed 9/1010:55 amBRU - MNL

1 stop19h 00mEtihad Airways

Deal found 6/14₱51,278

Tue 10/78:20 pmMNL - BRU

2 stops32h 10mMultiple Airlines

Fri 11/79:00 amBRU - MNL

2 stops26h 30mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 6/14₱51,548

Sun 9/148:20 pmMNL - BRU

1 stop17h 00mCathay Pacific

Wed 10/158:30 amBRU - MNL

2 stops20h 50mCathay Pacific

Deal found 6/14₱53,225

Sun 8/1010:30 amMNL - BRU

2 stops42h 05mFinnair

Wed 9/106:35 amBRU - MNL

2 stops41h 25mFinnair

Deal found 6/13₱57,552

Sat 7/262:25 amMNL - BRU

2 stops25h 50mChina Eastern

Sun 8/33:05 pmBRU - MNL

2 stops28h 15mChina Eastern

Deal found 6/14₱58,364

Tue 10/76:50 pmMNL - BRU

1 stop25h 50mQatar Airways

Fri 11/72:50 pmBRU - MNL

2 stops24h 20mQatar Airways

Deal found 6/14₱58,742

Mon 7/288:55 pmMNL - BRU

2 stops23h 40mKLM

Mon 8/46:10 amBRU - MNL

2 stops30h 35mKLM

Deal found 6/13₱74,699

Sun 7/277:35 pmMNL - CRL

2 stops27h 00mMultiple Airlines

Sun 8/31:15 pmCRL - MNL

2 stops26h 35mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 6/14₱57,120

Wed 6/257:55 pmMNL - BRU

2 stops19h 10mAustrian Airlines

Fri 7/119:50 amBRU - MNL

2 stops43h 55mAustrian Airlines

Deal found 6/13₱201,433

Last-minute flights from Manila to Belgium
Discover last-minute flight deals from Manila to Belgium. Data last updated June 15, 2025 and is based on user searches.

Wed 6/181:45 amMNL - BRU

2 stops35h 05mMultiple Airlines

Mon 6/3012:00 pmBRU - MNL

2 stops26h 10mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 6/14₱51,494

Thu 6/193:00 pmMNL - BRU

2 stops21h 50mMultiple Airlines

Mon 6/3012:00 pmBRU - MNL

2 stops26h 40mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 6/14₱52,738

Thu 6/199:55 amMNL - BRU

1 stop34h 45mQatar Airways

Mon 6/304:10 pmBRU - MNL

1 stop24h 10mQatar Airways

Deal found 6/14₱65,774

Wed 6/257:55 pmMNL - BRU

2 stops19h 10mAustrian Airlines

Fri 7/119:50 amBRU - MNL

2 stops43h 55mAustrian Airlines

Deal found 6/13₱201,433

Mon 7/145:30 amMNL - BRU

1 stop32h 00mEtihad Airways

Fri 7/2510:55 amBRU - MNL

1 stop19h 00mEtihad Airways

Deal found 6/12₱52,684

Sat 7/262:25 amMNL - BRU

2 stops35h 05mChina Eastern

Sun 8/33:05 pmBRU - MNL

2 stops28h 15mChina Eastern

Deal found 6/12₱58,039

Sun 7/277:35 pmMNL - CRL

2 stops27h 00mMultiple Airlines

Sun 8/31:15 pmCRL - MNL

2 stops26h 35mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 6/14₱57,120

Sun 7/279:10 pmMNL - BRU

2 stops40h 20mEthiopian Air

Sun 8/39:25 pmBRU - MNL

2 stops38h 50mEthiopian Air

Deal found 6/12₱66,153

Mon 7/288:55 pmMNL - BRU

2 stops23h 40mKLM

Mon 8/46:10 amBRU - MNL

2 stops30h 35mKLM

Deal found 6/13₱74,699

Mon 7/286:30 pmMNL - BRU

3 stops24h 15mSWISS

Mon 8/48:05 pmBRU - MNL

2 stops21h 15mSWISS

Deal found 6/13₱145,720

Tue 7/296:15 pmMNL - BRU

1 stop31h 05mEmirates

Tue 8/53:20 pmBRU - MNL

1 stop24h 50mEmirates

Deal found 6/13₱47,870

One-way flights from Manila to Belgium
Search for one-way flight options from Manila to Belgium. Find affordable one-way fares based on user searches. Data last updated June 15, 2025.

Tue 7/151:05 pmMNL - BRU

3 stops27h 50mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 6/13₱19,364

Fri 8/17:25 amMNL - CRL

3 stops43h 30mMultiple Airlines

Deal found 6/14₱20,933

Tue 7/155:30 amMNL - BRU

1 stop32h 00mEtihad Airways

Deal found 6/13₱27,370

Fri 6/2012:55 pmMNL - BRU

1 stop24h 45mThai Airways

Deal found 6/12₱29,101

Fri 8/17:45 amMNL - BRU

1 stop17h 35mEmirates

Deal found 6/14₱34,293

Fri 8/19:25 pmMNL - BRU

1 stop29h 55mTurkish Airlines

Deal found 6/13₱45,436

Cheapflights Fare Finder

Use the filters below to find and compare flights from Manila to Belgium that are best for you.

Fly from

Fly to

Route

Depart

Return

Price

ManilaBrussels

MNL - BRU

MNLBRU

Manila Ninoy Aquino Intl

Tue 10/7

7:20 pm-7:30 am

1 stop18h 10m

Brussels Bruxelles-National

Fri 11/7

10:00 am-10:20 am

1 stop17h 20m

₱47,275

ManilaBrussels

MNL - BRU

MNLBRU

Manila Ninoy Aquino Intl

Tue 7/29

6:15 pm-7:20 pm

1 stop31h 05m

Brussels Bruxelles-National

Tue 8/5

3:20 pm-10:10 pm

1 stop24h 50m

₱47,870

ManilaBrussels

MNL - BRU

MNLBRU

Manila Ninoy Aquino Intl

Tue 10/7

6:30 pm-7:15 pm

2 stops30h 45m

Brussels Bruxelles-National

Fri 11/7

8:10 pm-10:50 pm

2 stops19h 40m

₱49,871

ManilaBrussels

MNL - BRU

MNLBRU

Manila Ninoy Aquino Intl

Tue 10/7

9:10 pm-7:30 am

2 stops40h 20m

Brussels Bruxelles-National

Thu 11/6

9:30 pm-6:15 pm

2 stops37h 45m

₱50,845

ManilaBrussels

MNL - BRU

MNLBRU

Manila Ninoy Aquino Intl

Tue 10/7

8:20 pm-10:30 pm

2 stops32h 10m

Brussels Bruxelles-National

Fri 11/7

9:00 am-6:30 pm

2 stops26h 30m

₱51,548

ManilaBrussels

MNL - BRU

MNLBRU

Manila Ninoy Aquino Intl

Sun 9/14

8:20 pm-7:20 am

1 stop17h 00m

Brussels Bruxelles-National

Wed 10/15

8:30 am-11:20 am

2 stops20h 50m

₱53,225

ManilaBrussels

MNL - CRL

MNLCRL

Manila Ninoy Aquino Intl

Sun 7/27

7:35 pm-4:35 pm

2 stops27h 00m

Charleroi Brussels

Sun 8/3

1:15 pm-9:50 pm

2 stops26h 35m

₱57,120

ManilaBrussels

MNL - BRU

MNLBRU

Manila Ninoy Aquino Intl

Sun 8/10

10:30 am-10:35 pm

2 stops42h 05m

Brussels Bruxelles-National

Wed 9/10

7:05 pm-6:00 am

2 stops28h 55m

₱57,498

ManilaBrussels

MNL - BRU

MNLBRU

Manila Ninoy Aquino Intl

Sat 7/26

2:25 am-7:30 am

2 stops35h 05m

Brussels Bruxelles-National

Sun 8/3

3:05 pm-1:20 am

2 stops28h 15m

₱58,039

ManilaBrussels

MNL - BRU

MNLBRU

Manila Ninoy Aquino Intl

Tue 10/7

6:50 pm-2:40 pm

1 stop25h 50m

Brussels Bruxelles-National

Fri 11/7

2:50 pm-10:10 pm

2 stops24h 20m

₱58,742

Flights are sorted by cheapest round-trip flights first.

Deals found on 6/13

Showing 1-10 of 18 results

Best time to book a flight from Manila to Belgium

Have a flexible travel schedule? Discover the best time to fly to Belgium from Manila with our price prediction graph.

Estimated round-trip price

Rates are based on past data. Find the cheapest month and day to book your flight based on your travel requirements, then search for cheap deals.

Cheapflights Insights

Everything you need to know about your flight from Manila to Belgium

What is the cheapest time of day to fly from MNL to BE?

When flying from Manila to Belgium, the time of day you decide to fly out makes little to no difference towards the overall price you’ll pay on tickets.

Rainfall in Belgium by month

In terms of precipitation, rainfall in Belgium ranges from 40.0 - 80.0 inches per month. January is typically the wettest month, when rainfall can reach 80.0 mm. August is typically the driest time to visit Belgium when rainfall is around 40.0 mm.

Temperature in Belgium by month

If weather is an important factor for your trip to Belgium, use this chart to help with planning. For those seeking warmer temperatures, July is the ideal time of year to visit, when temperatures reach an average of 17.0 C. Travelers looking to avoid the cold should look outside of January, when temperatures are typically at their lowest (around 3.0 C).

Reviews of airlines servicing Belgium

Emirates

8.1

Very good

3,266 reviews

Check prices

Reviews

1 / 20

2.0

Mediocre

Anonymous,Mar 2025

AMD - DXB

The flight from Ahmedabad never took off. We missed the flight from Dubai to LA. A very poor experience with Emirates.

Emirates

8.1

Very good

3,266 reviews

Emirates

8.1

Very good

3,266 reviews

Check prices

Reviews

1 / 20

2.0

Mediocre

Anonymous,Mar 2025

AMD - DXB

The flight from Ahmedabad never took off. We missed the flight from Dubai to LA. A very poor experience with Emirates.

KLM

7.8

Good

1,361 reviews

Emirates

8.1

Very good

3,266 reviews

Check prices

Reviews

1 / 20

2.0

Mediocre

Anonymous,Mar 2025

AMD - DXB

The flight from Ahmedabad never took off. We missed the flight from Dubai to LA. A very poor experience with Emirates.

Thai Airways

7.7

Good

336 reviews

Emirates

8.1

Very good

3,266 reviews

Check prices

Reviews

1 / 20

2.0

Mediocre

Anonymous,Mar 2025

AMD - DXB

The flight from Ahmedabad never took off. We missed the flight from Dubai to LA. A very poor experience with Emirates.

Austrian Airlines

7.6

Good

803 reviews

Emirates

8.1

Very good

3,266 reviews

Check prices

Reviews

1 / 20

2.0

Mediocre

Anonymous,Mar 2025

AMD - DXB

The flight from Ahmedabad never took off. We missed the flight from Dubai to LA. A very poor experience with Emirates.

Finnair

7.6

Good

1,290 reviews

Emirates

8.1

Very good

3,266 reviews

Check prices

Reviews

1 / 20

2.0

Mediocre

Anonymous,Mar 2025

AMD - DXB

The flight from Ahmedabad never took off. We missed the flight from Dubai to LA. A very poor experience with Emirates.

Related info for your journey

What airport do you fly from for flights from Manila to Belgium?
Manila Ninoy Aquino Intl (MNL), located 10.9 km from the city center, is the airport you fly out of when you book flights from Manila to Belgium.
What are the cheapest airlines to fly from Manila to Belgium one-way?
One-way options have recently been found by users for as low as ₱27,370 on Etihad Airways. Other airlines that offer cheap prices include Thai Airways from ₱29,101 and Emirates from ₱34,293 one-way.
Can I find deals for flights from Manila to Belgium that include hotel bookings?
Yes. In addition to deals on Manila to Belgium flights, Cheapflights offers vacation packages that include both flights and hotel.
How can I find direct flights from Manila to Belgium?
After entering your origin and destination, apply the non-stop filter on the search result page to find direct flights from Manila to Belgium.
Can I find deals for business class flights from Manila to Belgium?
Yes. Cheapflights offers flight deals from Manila to Belgium by cabin class. In addition to browsing deals, you can also filter by cabin class on the search results page after making a search.

See more FAQs

Browse thousands of different options on Cheapflights for your next trip

Alternative routes for Manila to Belgium

Manila to Heathrow flights

Manila to Charles de Gaulle flights

Manila to Gatwick flights

Manila to Leonardo da Vinci/Fiumicino flights

Manila to Stansted flights

Manila to Madrid flights

Manila to Frankfurt flights

Manila to London City flights

Manila to Amsterdam flights

Manila to Zurich flights

Manila to Sabiha Gokcen flights

Manila to Barcelona-El Prat flights

Manila to Malpensa flights

Manila to Munich flights

Manila to Luton flights

Manila to Athens flights

Manila to Manchester flights

Manila to Orly flights

Manila to Lisbon flights

Manila to Budapest flights

Manila to Vienna flights

Manila to Berlin flights

Manila to Arlanda flights

Manila to Hamburg flights

Manila to Copenhagen flights

Manila to Helsinki flights

Manila to Nice flights

Manila to Geneva flights

Manila to Dublin flights

Manila to Ciampino flights

Manila to Birmingham flights

Manila to Krakow flights

Manila to Naples flights

Manila to Inverness flights

Manila to Thessaloniki flights

Top 7 airlines flying from Manila to Belgium

Airline	Cheapest	Average	Flexibility	On-time
Etihad Airways	Cheapest₱39,645	Average₱52,993	FlexibilityNo cancel fee	On-time75%	Search Etihad Airways flights
Qatar Airways	Cheapest₱40,575	Average₱51,077	FlexibilityNo cancel fee	On-time68%	Search Qatar Airways flights
Cathay Pacific	Cheapest₱44,305	Average₱47,021	FlexibilityNo cancel fee	On-time72%	Search Cathay Pacific flights
Thai Airways	Cheapest₱46,746	Average₱57,798	FlexibilityNo cancel fee	On-time77%	Search Thai Airways flights
Singapore Airlines	Cheapest₱48,393	Average₱63,666	FlexibilityNo cancel fee	On-time81%	Search Singapore Airlines flights
Emirates	Cheapest₱48,534	Average₱55,860	FlexibilityNo cancel fee	On-time75%	Search Emirates flights
Turkish Airlines	Cheapest₱49,940	Average₱63,009	FlexibilityNo cancel fee	On-time77%	Search Turkish Airlines flights

Fly with Cheapflights

How does Cheapflights help users find flights from Manila to Belgium?

Cheapflights goes through 900+ travel sites to look for the best flight deals for flights from Manila to Belgium. Too many options? Cheapflights also provides filters for things like airlines, price ranges, and number of stops to help you make a decision easily.

Why should you use Cheapflights to find cheap flight tickets from Manila to Belgium?

Millions of users choose and trust Cheapflights to book the best flight deals from Manila to Belgium for free. We help you search and compare prices from hundreds of airlines for the right flight just for you.

Can Cheapflights find flights from Manila to Belgium with no change fees?

Yes! Cheapflights helps users easily find flights from Manila to Belgium with no change fees.

Can Cheapflights notify me if prices for flights from Manila to Belgium become cheaper?

Not ready to book yet? You can track prices for flights from Manila to Belgium on Cheapflights with our Price Alert feature and get notified when better prices are available.

100% Free

Cheapflights is completely free to use, so you can start saving the moment you arrive.

Book with Flexibility

Our users can plan ahead with confidence and find flights with no change fees

Travel Smart

Millions of people come to us for their flight needs every year. We help make travel planning easy by providing useful insights and data-driven graphs that can inform your decisions.

Cheap flights from Manila to Belgium from ₱19,364

This is the cheapest one-way flight price found by a Cheapflights user in the last 72 hours by searching for a flight departing on 7/15. Fares are subject to change and may not be available on all flights or dates of travel.

Cheap flight deals from Manila to Belgium

Keep the following information in mind while searching for Manila to Belgium flight deals. Data was last updated June 15, 2025.

Round-trip from

One-way from

Popular in

Cheapest in

Average price

Find flight deals from Manila to Belgium

Cheapest flights from Manila to BelgiumExplore the most affordable flight options available from Manila to Belgium. Find the lowest fares from popular airlines and budget airlines, with prices last updated on June 15, 2025.

Explore the most affordable flight options available from Manila to Belgium. Find the lowest fares from popular airlines and budget airlines, with prices last updated on June 15, 2025.

Cheapflights Fare Finder

Use the filters below to find and compare flights from Manila to Belgium that are best for you.

Best time to book a flight from Manila to Belgium

Have a flexible travel schedule? Discover the best time to fly to Belgium from Manila with our price prediction graph.

Cheapflights Insights

Everything you need to know about your flight from Manila to Belgium

What is the cheapest time of day to fly from MNL to BE?

Find hourly flight availability from Manila to Belgium. Discover flight options and departure times throughout the day, allowing you to choose a departure time that suits your schedule. Data last updated June 15, 2025.

Rainfall in Belgium by month

Plan your trip to Belgium by taking into account the average rainfall totals by month.

Temperature in Belgium by month

Plan your trip to Belgium by taking into account the average temperature totals by month.

Reviews of airlines servicing Belgium

Related info for your journey

Find useful and relevant information for your journey from Manila to Belgium. Access travel guides, tips, and recommendations to enhance your travel experience. Get information about local attractions, weather, transportation options, and more.

What airport do you fly from for flights from Manila to Belgium?

What are the cheapest airlines to fly from Manila to Belgium one-way?

Can I find deals for flights from Manila to Belgium that include hotel bookings?

How can I find direct flights from Manila to Belgium?

Can I find deals for business class flights from Manila to Belgium?

Browse thousands of different options on Cheapflights for your next trip

Toggle through the tabs below to find thousands of options on Cheapflights for your next trip.

Alternative routes for Manila to Belgium

See prices for flight routes from nearby airports that may be better suited for you.

Top 7 airlines flying from Manila to Belgium

Fly with Cheapflights

Find the best flight deals on Cheapflights, where travelers can enjoy low prices and a wide availability of flights to their desired destinations.

How does Cheapflights help users find flights from Manila to Belgium?

Why should you use Cheapflights to find cheap flight tickets from Manila to Belgium?

Can Cheapflights find flights from Manila to Belgium with no change fees?

Can Cheapflights notify me if prices for flights from Manila to Belgium become cheaper?

100% Free

Book with Flexibility

Travel Smart

Cheapest flights from Manila to Belgium
Explore the most affordable flight options available from Manila to Belgium. Find the lowest fares from popular airlines and budget airlines, with prices last updated on June 15, 2025.